this is a picture that contains all the tissues.
Epithelial Tissue: Epithelial tissue covers the outside of the body and lines organs and cavities. The cells in this type of tissue are very closely packed together and joined with little space between them. As we have previously discussed, structure and function are thoroughly intertwined throughout biology and epithelial tissue is no exception. With a tightly packed structure we would expect epithelial tissue to perhaps serve some type of barrier and protective function and that is certainly the case. Epithelial tissue helps to protect organisms from microorganisms, injury and fluid loss. In an epithelium, the free surface is usually exposed to fluid or the air while the bottom surface is attached to a basement membrane.A simple epithelium has a single layer of cells.A stratified epithelium has multiple layers of cells. Likewise, the shape of the cells on the free surface can be: Cuboidal Analogous to the shape of dice.Columnar Analogous to the shape of bricks on an end.Squamous Analogous to the shape of flat tiles on a floor.
Connective Tissue:
Connective tissue serves many purposes in the body:bindingsupportingprotectingforming bloodstoring fatsfilling spaceConnective cells are separated from one another by a non-cellular matrix. The matrix may be solid (as in bone), soft (as in loose connective tissue), or liquid (as in blood). Two types of connective tissue are Loose Connective Tissue (LCT) and Fibrous Connective Tissue (FCT).
Fibroblasts (LCT) are separated by a collagen fiber-containing matrix. Collagen fibers provide elasticity and flexibility. LCT occurs beneath epithelium in skin and many internal organs, such as lungs, arteries and the urinary bladder. This tissue type also forms a protective layer over muscle, nerves, and blood vessels.
The cells of connective tissue are embedded in a great amount of extracellular material. This
matrix is secreted by the cells. It consists of protein fibers embedded in an amorphous mixture of protein-polysaccharide ("proteoglycan") molecules.
Supporting connective tissueGives strength, support, and protection to the soft parts of the body.cartilage. Example: the outer earbone. The matrix of bone contains
collagen fibers and mineral deposits. The most abundant mineral is calcium phosphate, although magnesium, carbonate, and fluoride ions are also present. [More on
bone]
Binding connective tissueIt binds body parts together.Tendons connect muscle to bone. [
View] The matrix is principally
collagen, and the fibers are all oriented parallel to each other. Tendons are strong but not elastic.Ligaments attach one bone to another. They contain both collagen and also the protein elastin. Elastin permits ligaments to be stretched.
Fibrous connective tissueIt is distributed throughout the body. It serves as a packing and binding material for most of our organs. Collagen, elastin, and other proteins are found in the matrix.Fascia is fibrous connective tissue that binds muscle together and binds the skin to the underlying structures.Adipose tissue is fibrous connective tissue in which the cells have become almost filled with oil. The oil is confined within membrane-bound droplets. The cells of adipose tissue, called adipocytes, secrete several hormones, including
leptin and adiponectin.All forms of connective tissue are derived from cells called fibroblasts , which secrete the
extracellular matrix.
Nerve:
Nerve tissue is composed ofnerve cells called neurons andglial cells.
NeuronsNeurons are specialized for the conduction of nerve impulses. A typical neuron consists ofa cell body which contains the nucleus;a number of short fibers — dendrites — extending from the cell bodya single long fiber, the axon.The nerve impulse is conducted along the axon.
The tips of axons meet:other neurons at junctions called synapsesmuscles (called neuromuscular junctions)glands
GliaGlial cells surround neurons. Once thought to be simply support for neurons (glia = glue), they turn out to serve several important functions.There are three types:Schwann cells. These produce the
myelin sheath that surrounds many axons in the
peripheral nervous system.Oligodendrocytes. These produce the myelin sheath that surrounds many axons in the
central nervous system (brain and spinal cord).Astrocytes. These — often star-shaped — cells are clustered around
synapses and the
nodes of Ranvier where they perform a variety of functions:stimulating the formation of new
synapses;modulating the activity of neurons;repairing damage;supplying neurons with materials secured from the blood. (It is primarily the metabolic activity of astrocytes that is being measured in brain imaging by
positron-emission tomography (PET) and
functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).In addition, the central nervous system contains many microglia — mobile cells that respond to damage (e.g., from an infection) byengulfing cell debrissecreting inflammatory
cytokines like
tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and
interleukin-1 (IL-1)
Blood :
The bone marrow is the source of all the cells of the blood. These include:red blood cells (RBCs or erythrocytes)five kinds of white blood cells (WBCs or leukocytes)platelets (or thrombocytes)
Muscle:
Three kinds of muscle are found in vertebrates:Skeletal muscle is made of long fibers whose contraction provides the force of locomotion and other voluntary body movements.Smooth muscle lines the walls of the hollow structures of the body, such as the intestine, urinary bladder, uterus, and blood vessels. Its contraction, which is involuntary, reduces the size of these hollow organs.The heart is made of cardiac muscle.